Superconducting spin valve effect in Co/Pb/Co heterostructures with insulating interlayers

• Andrey A. Kamashev,
• Nadir N. Garif’yanov,
• Aidar A. Validov,
• Vladislav Kataev,
• Alexander S. Osin,
• Yakov V. Fominov and
• Ilgiz A. Garifullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 457–464, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.41

• smaller thicknesses of the S layer due to the size effects [49]. Apparently, the inverse S/F proximity effect becomes more pronounced as dPb decreases, despite the existence of insulating interlayers. The here obtained value of ΔTc at the optimal thickness of the Pb layer is twice as high compared to

Exploring disorder correlations in superconducting systems: spectroscopic insights and matrix element effects

• Vyacheslav D. Neverov,
• Alexander E. Lukyanov,
• Andrey V. Krasavin,
• Alexei Vagov,
• Boris G. Lvov and
• Mihail D. Croitoru

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 199–206, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.19

• take N = 50, which our calculations show is sufficiently large to mitigate finite-size effects. BdG equations (Equation 2) are solved together with the self-consistency conditions (Equation 3) in the usual way until the order parameter and the Hartree potential reach a predefined accuracy threshold [63

A graphene quantum dots–glassy carbon electrode-based electrochemical sensor for monitoring malathion

• Sanju Tanwar,
• Aditi Sharma and
• Dhirendra Mathur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 701–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.56

• significantly. Therefore, it can be inferred that not only quantum size effects, but also defects on the surface, contribute to the PL in GQDs. Size and morphology of GQDs were characterized using TEM and AFM. The TEM micrographs shown in Figure 3a confirm the formation of evenly dispersed GQDs with almost

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• distance between the two concentric spheres, whereas in spherical nanoparticles the parameter inducing size effects was different. Hence, it is conclusive that the quasi-static approximation is valid for different morphologies but needs to account for the size when exceeding the validity of this

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

• . Because of the size effects, NPs have unique properties that allow them to be used as components of advanced materials for a wide range of applications such as optics, catalysis, or biomedicine [1][2][3]. Since the properties of NPs strongly depend on their size, size distribution, shape, composition, and

Effects of temperature and repeat layer spacing on mechanical properties of graphene/polycrystalline copper nanolaminated composites under shear loading

• Chia-Wei Huang,
• Man-Ping Chang and
• Te-Hua Fang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 863–877, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.65

• construction of the simulation models. Different sizes of the model were tested to find the optimal size for good simulations at minimal computational time and to determine if finite-size effects arise from the model dimensions. A size of 10 nm × 10 nm × 22 nm of the model was found acceptable. The average

• grain boundary behavior due to size effects, the results do not deviate. The shear modulus of the composite specimens with six different grain sizes is calculated, as shown in Figure 15. The values of the shear modulus decrease with a decrease of the grain size, which is consistent with the above

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of water in aqueous dispersions of silver nanoparticles

• Paulina Filipczak,
• Krzysztof Hałagan,
• Jacek Ulański and
• Marcin Kozanecki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 497–506, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.40

• lattice sites were occupied either by water-like or by Ag-like elements. The size in the z direction was large enough to avoid finite-size effects [48]. A large size in x and y directions provided good spatial averaging for the results. Size distributions and representative TEM images of AgNPs samples

ZnO and MXenes as electrode materials for supercapacitor devices

• Ameen Uddin Ammar,
• Ipek Deniz Yildirim,
• Feray Bakan and
• Emre Erdem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 49–57, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.4

• , recently developed metal oxides, specifically nanostructured ZnO, and MXenes with their defect structures, size effects, as well as optical and electronic properties have been presented as electrode material in supercapacitor devices. The discussion of MXenes along with ZnO, although different in chemistry

• used as electrode materials in storage devices, for example, supercapacitors, the device performance can be enhanced substantially. This enhancement can be correlated to materials characteristics, such as nanoscale size effects, doping, the synergy between the defective electrode and the counter

• , one may at least separate the surface and core defects safely. There are other useful characterization techniques, such as UV–vis spectroscopy, with which one may correlate the size effects and defect concentrations with the change in Eg. This is sometimes called bandgap engineering or tuning of the

High-responsivity hybrid α-Ag₂S/Si photodetector prepared by pulsed laser ablation in liquid

• Raid A. Ismail,
• Hanan A. Rawdhan and
• Duha S. Ahmed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1596–1607, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.142

• with CTAB due to quantum size effects [31]. The absorption of the Ag2S NPs decreased sharply above λ = 302 nm for Ag2S prepared in pure Tu solution, while it decreased slowly for Ag2S prepared in Tu with CTAB, indicating different absorption edges. The optical band gap of the Ag2S NPs prepared in pure

• increased and a blueshift of about 0.5 eV was observed after CTAB was added to the Tu solution [32]. Furthermore, CTAB prevented particle agglomeration, thereby facilitating the formation of monodisperse Ag2S NPs. The value of the obtained energy gap was larger than that of bulk Ag2S due to quantum size

• effects [33]. The particle size (d) was calculated from the optical properties using the effective-mass model as shown in Equation 2: where Eg* is the energy gap of Ag2S NPs and EgBulk is the energy gap of bulk Ag2S, me* is the effective mass of an electron and mh* is the effective mass of a hole. A value

Size effects of graphene nanoplatelets on the properties of high-density polyethylene nanocomposites: morphological, thermal, electrical, and mechanical characterization

• Tuba Evgin,
• Alpaslan Turgut,
• Georges Hamaoui,
• Zdenko Spitalsky,
• Nicolas Horny,
• Matej Micusik,
• Mihai Chirtoc,
• Mehmet Sarikanat and
• Maria Omastova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 167–179, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.14

• of Mechanical Engineering, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey 10.3762/bjnano.11.14 Abstract High-density polyethylene (HDPE)-based nanocomposites incorporating three different types of graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) were fabricated to investigate the size effects of GnPs in terms of both

• molding. The size effects of the GnPs on the morphological, thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties of the composites was studied. The small differences in the GnPs’ surfaces’ chemical composition were detected by XPS, and the highest amount of oxygen that was found was 2.6 atom % for G1. FTIR and

Nonclassical dynamic modeling of nano/microparticles during nanomanipulation processes

• Moharam Habibnejad Korayem,
• Ali Asghar Farid and
• Rouzbeh Nouhi Hefzabad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 147–166, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.13

• of nanoparticles. To model this process, previous studies employed classical continuum mechanics and molecular dynamics simulations which had certain limitations; the former does not consider size effects at the nanoscale while the latter is time consuming and faces computational restrictions. To

• optimize accuracy and computational costs, a new nonclassical modeling of the nanomanipulation process based on the modified couple stress theory is proposed that includes the size effects. To this end, after simulating the critical times and forces that are required for the onset of nanoparticle motion on

• ; nanoparticle modeling; size effects; Introduction It is not possible to simultaneously observe and manipulate a nanoparticle using atomic force microscopy (AFM) as the imaging and manipulation tools are combined. As a result, dynamic modeling and simulation are essential in this field of research. For the

Mobility of charge carriers in self-assembled monolayers

• Zhihua Fu,
• Tatjana Ladnorg,
• Hartmut Gliemann,
• Alexander Welle,
• Asif Bashir,
• Michael Rohwerder,
• Qiang Zhang,
• Björn Schüpbach,
• Andreas Terfort and
• Christof Wöll

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2449–2458, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.235

• by tip size effects. The schematics presented in Figure 3 rationalize the observation that the conductivity increases with island size. In the hypothetical case that the AFM tip contacts only a single PAT molecule, i.e., an island consisting of a single molecule only, we would obtain the resistance

Magnetic properties of biofunctionalized iron oxide nanoparticles as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents

• Natalia E. Gervits,
• Andrey A. Gippius,
• Alexey V. Tkachev,
• Evgeniy I. Demikhov,
• Sergey S. Starchikov,
• Igor S. Lyubutin,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Vladimir P. Chekhonin,
• Maxim A. Abakumov,
• Alevtina S. Semkina and
• Alexander G. Mazhuga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1964–1972, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.193

• 3) the spin–spin relaxation time T2. Generally, these natural differences in tissue properties provide the necessary contrast, but in some cases, the pathological focus cannot be visualized in the images, for instance, due to size effects or the difficulty in delineating boundaries to determine

The impact of crystal size and temperature on the adsorption-induced flexibility of the Zr-based metal–organic framework DUT-98

• Simon Krause,
• Volodymyr Bon,
• Hongchu Du,
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski,
• Ulrich Stoeck,
• Irena Senkovska and
• Stefan Kaskel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1737–1744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.169

• applications. This work thus extends the limited amount of studies on crystal size effects in flexible MOFs and hopefully motivates further investigations in this field. Keywords: crystal engineering; crystal size; flexible metal–organic frameworks; MOFs; water adsorption; Introduction In the past 20 years

• , it appears to be possible that some reported nonflexible MOFs can exhibit flexibility if their crystals are synthesized at a specific size or with a specific morphology. It is thus of crucial importance to extend investigations on the crystal size effects in flexible and nonflexible MOFs to further

Kelvin probe force microscopy of the nanoscale electrical surface potential barrier of metal/semiconductor interfaces in ambient atmosphere

• Petr Knotek,
• Tomáš Plecháček,
• Jan Smolík,
• Petr Kutálek,
• Filip Dvořák,
• Milan Vlček,
• Jiří Navrátil and
• Čestmír Drašar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1401–1411, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.138

• . This observation can be attributed to quantum size effects [36][44], which are accompanied by a change in the charge transfer from substrate to NPs [45][46]. Metal layers on Bi2Se3 The dependence of the surface contact potential on the size of the separated Au nanoparticles theoretically allows for an

Photoactive nanoarchitectures based on clays incorporating TiO₂ and ZnO nanoparticles

• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky,
• Pilar Aranda,
• Marwa Akkari,
• Nithima Khaorapapong and
• Makoto Ogawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1140–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.114

• a shorter wavelength region, showing quantum-size effects. The advantages of clay minerals acting as supports for TiO2 and ZnO NPs are the presence of surface electrical charge and/or the elevated concentration of hydroxy groups on the available surface, which can have an important influence on the

Co-doped MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles: magnetic anisotropy and interparticle interactions

• Bagher Aslibeiki,
• Parviz Kameli,
• Hadi Salamati,
• Giorgio Concas,
• Maria Salvador Fernandez,
• Alessandro Talone,
• Giuseppe Muscas and
• Davide Peddis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 856–865, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.86

• remains constant for all Co-doped samples, suggesting that the samples have uniaxial anisotropy. While bulk CoFe2O4 has an ideal cubic magnetic anisotropy, the finite size effects on nanoparticles can suppress such behaviour showing only a small tendency to the cubic symmetry [2][12][19]. The DCD protocol

A novel polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-modified layered double hydroxide: preparation, characterization and properties

• Xianwei Zhang,
• Zhongzhu Ma,
• Hong Fan,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Jintao Wan and
• Philippe Dubois

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3053–3068, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.284

• retardancy of polymers [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Due to size effects, the strong hydrophilicity and the strong affinity between the hydroxide layers, LDHs are difficult to homogeneously and stably disperse in polymer matrices. Therefore organic modification of LDHs is essential before using them as

Friction reduction through biologically inspired scale-like laser surface textures

• Johannes Schneider,
• Vergil Djamiykov and
• Christian Greiner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2561–2572, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.238

• demonstrate the existence of size effects under mixed lubrication [16][27] as well as for the transition from static to dynamic friction in dry contacts [28]. This paper presents results for two independent sets of experiments aiming at investigating the existence of a similar size effect for scale-like

• tribological experiments. No signs of wear were detected by optical profilometry. Size effect under dry sliding When testing the tribological performance of round dimples created by laser surface texturing, considerable size effects for dry and lubricated experiments, as well as for static and dynamic friction

• were reported [15][16][27][28]. This is true for the dimple diameter [15][27][28], as well as for the dimple depth [16][28]. Size effects are a common phenomenon in materials science and have been found to influence mechanical and magnetic as well as surface properties like adhesion [38][39][40][41

Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation

• Katrina Pui Yee Shak,
• Yean Ling Pang and
• Shee Keat Mah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2479–2498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.232

• fundamental characteristics of cellulose include its hydrophilicity, functionalization ability, and ease of tunability of various properties like surface area, aspect ratio, quantum size effects as well as chemical accessibility [105]. Nanocellulose has been recognized as an excellent natural biomaterial

• quantum size effects [106]. The improvement in adsorption removal efficiency of nanocellulose could be due to the increased surface area, crystalline nature, and number of available functional moieties. Taleb et al. [98] reported that the introduction of amino-terminal functionalities on MFC and

Dumbbell gold nanoparticle dimer antennas with advanced optical properties

• Janning F. Herrmann and
• Christiane Höppener

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2188–2197, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.205

• only significant for sub-nanometer size gaps. As such, the observed deviations are likely also to be governed by a modified onset of quantum size effects. Methods Fluorescence measurements All optical measurements are acquired with an in-house built microscope, which combines a confocal microscope with

A zero-dimensional topologically nontrivial state in a superconducting quantum dot

• Pasquale Marra,
• Alessandro Braggio and
• Roberta Citro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1705–1714, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.162

• symmetry class D are enforced by the presence of the superconducting coupling (particle–hole symmetry) and the Zeeman field (which breaks the time-reversal symmetry). The gap opening, in this case, is guaranteed in general by the gap induced by finite size effects or eventually by interactions. Josephson

Disorder-induced suppression of the zero-bias conductance peak splitting in topological superconducting nanowires

• Jun-Tong Ren,
• Hai-Feng Lü,
• Sha-Sha Ke,
• Yong Guo and
• Huai-Wu Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1358–1369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.128

• produces a finite Majorana energy splitting and zero-bias peak splitting [36][37][38] due to the finite size effects. In a recent experiment [39], the energy splitting of Majorana zero mode has been observed in InAs nanowire segments with epitaxial aluminium, which forms a proximity-induced superconducting

• . Considering the finite-size effects on the coupling between the two MBSs and the recently reported suppression of the energy splitting due to the increase in wire length [39], we consider wires of two typical lengths in particular: a shorter one with L = 0.60 μm and a longer one with L = 0.95 μm. In Figure 2

• transition point and EM begins to oscillate near the zero value. This behavior, originating from the finite-size effects, is absent in a long enough wire, where the field-independent exact Majorana zero mode emerges with its energy pinned to zero. For disordered wires, we find that the exact Majorana zero

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

• Jaison Jeevanandam,
• Ahmed Barhoum,
• Yen S. Chan,
• Alain Dufresne and
• Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

• . Therefore, the classical inner size effects, such as melting point reduction and diffusion enhancement, will be enhanced by grain boundary engineering. The classification by Pokropivny and Skorokhod proposed that the characteristics of NMs are attributed to the particle shape and dimensionality, as per the

• history of NMs in the scientific arena. He also revealed that the optical characteristics of Au colloids are dissimilar compared to their respective bulk counterpart. This was probably one of the earlier reports where quantum size effects were observed and described. Later, Mie (1908) explained the reason

Noble metal-modified titania with visible-light activity for the decomposition of microorganisms

• Maya Endo,
• Zhishun Wei,
• Kunlei Wang,
• Baris Karabiyik,
• Kenta Yoshiiri,
• Paulina Rokicka,
• Bunsho Ohtani,
• Agata Markowska-Szczupak and
• Ewa Kowalska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 829–841, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.77

• microorganisms, and silver coins thrown into the water prolonged its freshness [4][5][6]. Recent advances in nanotechnology enable to utilize size-dependent properties of nanomaterials, such as high specific surface area, high reactivity, quantum-size effects and plasmonic properties. Nanosilver and nanogold